A small kitchen works best when counters have a clear job, everyday tools stay close to where they are used, and cabinets are organized around real reach—not idealized categories.
Start with the working triangle you have
Notice the few steps between the sink, prep surface, stove, refrigerator, and trash. Keep the tools for each task near that task when possible. If the counter is the only prep zone, protect enough open area to set down a cutting board or a bag of groceries.
Use cabinet depth carefully
Deep cabinets invite forgotten back rows. Give the back to refills or infrequent items, keep daily items one movement away, and use a tray only when it helps the whole category move together. Under the sink, measure around plumbing and keep leak-prone products in a contained, visible zone.
Measure before buying: usable width, depth, height, hinge swing, plumbing, shelf lips, and the clearance needed to remove the container.